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35 panáků rumu

| Kino
03. 08. 2009 | ,

Lionel je řidičem příměstského vlaku. Žije se svojí již dospělou dcerou na okraji Paříže. Dává Joséphine vše, co může, aby jí vynahradil ztrátu matky. Ta mu jeho oddanost vrací svojí vroucí péčí. Teď však pro oba nastal čas vykročit novým směrem.

Příběh Claire Denisové je otevřenou poctou japonskému mistru rodinných mikrodramat Jasudžiru Ozuovi – zvláště jeho Pozdnímu jaru –, ale vychází rovněž z autorčina vlastního rodinného zázemí. Předobrazem pro hlavní postavu se stal její dědeček – latinskoamerický emigrant, kterému zemřela žena a on musel svoji dceru vychovávat sám.

Ozuovské „doteky“ nalezneme v mnoha motivech: domácí práce, společné stolování, cesty vlakem, popíjení s přáteli, povinnosti v zaměstnání. Režisérův styl je připomenut několika zátišími, v nichž předměty vypovídají o málomluvných postavách často více, než ony samy.

Přesto se Denisové film ubírá svou cestou. Chybí mu vyhrocenost zápletky, kterou najdeme v Pozdním jaru (aby otec přiměl dceru ke sňatku, rozhodne se předstírat přípravu vlastní svatby, čímž by pro dívku v domě nebylo místo). Zde jsou motivace postav spíše zatajeny, až z jejich jednání si domýšlíme skutečné příčiny. Vztahy nejen mezi otcem a dcerou, ale i mezi ostatními protagonisty zůstávají nedořečeny.

35 rhums

Celkové společenské pozadí je pochopitelně rozdílné, ačkoli Denisová dbá stejně pozorně jako Ozu na přesnou sociální ukotvenost postav. V tomto smyslu rozvíjí jedno ze svých stálých témat, kterým je prolínání různých kultur, jež zasahuje do konkrétních lidských osudů. Lionel, Jo a jejich blízcí žijí v prostoru, který si pro sebe složitě zabydlují, aby ho zároveň pozvolna opouštěli. Tento svět v pohybu zachycuje kamera Agnès Godardové v občasných těkavých záběrech, jež rozkolísávají pevně orámované ozuovské kompozice.

Křehkost a unikavost životních okamžiků, které nelze popsat slovy, se projevuje ve výrazně hudebním charakteru filmu. Denisová patří k těm, kdo dokáží spojit hudbu s obrazem tak, že se vzájemně obohacují, a vyznění scény by ztěží bylo bez jedné ze složek průraznější. Takto už tradičně nechává do svých povlovných záběrů zaznít hudbu Tindersticks, která v novém filmu vyjadřuje rozdílnými motivy odlehčenou i tíživou polohu scén.

Kromě toho v 35 panácích rumu zaznívají všemožné songy, ke kterým mají postavy nějaký osobní vztah. Tyto písničky většinou někde poslouchají – ať už v rádiu, jukeboxu, či obchodě – nebo na ně přímo tančí. Tanec patří ve filmech Claire Denisové k nejotevřenějším emocionálním projevům postav – v něm se dokáží uvolnit a sdělit pravdu, ovšem nikoli pouze verbálně. Řeč těla je výmluvnější.

V klíčové scéně tohoto filmu (přibližně uprostřed vyprávění) zažene nehoda a prudký liják všechny hlavní postavy do malého baru. Po několika skleničkách na rozehřátí pouští kdosi hudbu. Z reproduktorů zní popový šlágr 80. let Nightshift od The Commodores a Denisová na něj rozehrává jemnou sérii gest, pohledů a dotyků, které přesně vyjadřují dosud nevyřčenou touhu i napětí všech zúčastněných. I v tomto pohybu těl v sepětí s pohybem kamery je cosi z „hudebnosti“ jejího režijního stylu.

Jan Křipač

35 panáků rumu (35 rhums, Francie – Německo 2008)
Režie: Claire Denisová
Scénář: Claire Denisová, Jean-Pol Fargeau
Kamera: Agnès Godardová
Hudba: Tindersticks
Střih: Guy Lecorne
Hrají: Alex Descas (Lionel), Mati Diopová (Joséphine), Nicole Doguéová (Gabrielle), Grégoire Colin (Noé) ad.
Artcam, 100 min.

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